Why does malaria cause splenomegaly?
The syndrome is characterized by macroglobulinaemia with overproduction of immunoglobulin, especially of the IgM class, which aggregate into high molecular immune complexes and cause persistent splenomegaly because of prolonged clearance from the reticuloendothelial tissue [3].
Does malaria cause massive splenomegaly?
Abstract. Hyperreactive Malarial Splenomegaly (HMS) is defined as a massive enlargement of the spleen resulting from abnormal immune responses after repeated exposure to the malaria parasites. This study was carried out in Khartoum, Sudan. Sudan is considered to be one of the countries where HMS is quite prevalent.
Which Plasmodium causes splenomegaly?
Chronic falciparum malaria can occasionally present years after leaving endemic areas in partially immune patients. It should be considered in such patients with presentations possibly related to malaria, including splenomegaly, anaemia, or a long history of intermittent fevers and chills.
Can malaria cause ruptured spleen?
While numerous diseases can result in splenic complications, such as splenic rupture, malarial infection is known as the most common cause.
Does dengue cause splenomegaly?
Conclusion: Dengue fever is increasingly presenting with atypical presentation like splenomegaly, encephalopathy, bleeding manifestations and upper RTI.
What viruses cause splenomegaly?
Some infections may cause splenomegaly including:
- Infectious mononucleosis caused by the Epstein-Barr virus.
- Cytomegalovirus.
- HIV/AIDS.
- Viral hepatitis.
- Malaria.
- Tuberculosis.
- Anaplasmosis.
Which body part is affected by malaria?
Malaria can damage the kidneys or liver or cause the spleen to rupture. Any of these conditions can be life-threatening. Anemia. Malaria may result in not having enough red blood cells for an adequate supply of oxygen to your body’s tissues (anemia).
What is tropical splenomegaly syndrome?
Tropical splenomegaly syndrome, also known as hyperreactive malarial splenomegaly, occurs due immunological overstimulation to repeated attacks of malarial infection over a long period of time. Condition is usually seen in malaria-endemic areas like Africa and Indian subcontinent.
Why does splenomegaly occur?
Contributing factors include: Viral infections, such as mononucleosis. Bacterial infections, such as syphilis or an infection of your heart’s inner lining (endocarditis) Parasitic infections, such as malaria.
How does dengue affect the spleen?
The spleen is often congested in severe dengue, and sub-capsular hematomas are found in 15% of necropsies. However, splenic rupture in dengue infection is extremely rare and only a few cases have been reported in the literature [9].
What is the most common cause of splenomegaly?
Infections, such as mononucleosis, are among the most common causes of splenomegaly. Problems with your liver, such as cirrhosisand cystic fibrosis, can also cause an enlarged spleen. Another possible cause of splenomegaly is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. This condition can cause inflammation of the lymph system.
Does malaria affect spleen?
“The spleen, which often becomes enlarged in malaria, is the main organ that generates the immune response to the malaria parasite and controls the removal of red blood cells that have been infected. This process requires increased production of myeloid cells.”