What type of volcanoes form in Iceland?
Of the roughly 130 volcanoes in Iceland, the most common type is the stratovolcano — the classic cone-shaped peak with explosive eruptions that form a crater in the very top (such as Hekla and Katla, on the South Coast). There are also a few dormant shield volcanoes — with low-profile, wide-spreading lava flows.
What kind of volcano formed the Hawaiian Islands?
shield volcanoes
The Hawaiian Islands are all classified as shield volcanoes. Hawaiian shield volcanoes are formed by lava flowing on the ocean floor and building layer upon layer into great volcanoes. The hot spot theory explains that magma from the upper mantle rises through a channel into a magma chamber called a hot spot.
What do the islands of Iceland and Hawaii have in common?
Both Iceland and Hawaii are so-called geological hot spots. That means that they are both in an ocean area where tectonic plates meet and separate, causing the lava that is usually far below the earth to be nearer the surface.
What the Hawaiian Islands have in common with Iceland and Yellowstone National Park?
1 Answer. Volcanic activity, both are believed to formed by being over a hotspot in the mantle.
What created the Hawaiian island arc?
The Hawaiian Islands were formed by such a hot spot occurring in the middle of the Pacific Plate. While the hot spot itself is fixed, the plate is moving. So, as the plate moved over the hot spot, the string of islands that make up the Hawaiian Island chain were formed.
How are volcanoes formed in Iceland?
Sitting Smack Dab on a Mid-Ocean Ridge As these plates slowly move apart — at a rate of about an inch each year — fissures periodically form in the crust. Over time, these gaps allow molten rock from underground to surface as lava, creating Iceland’s many volcanoes.
What type of igneous rock are the Hawaiian Islands?
Basalt
Basalt. (Image credit: USGS.) The Hawaiian Islands are almost entirely built from basalt lava, the most common rock on Earth.
Is Hawaii a composite volcano?
Hawaii’s volcanoes are shield volcanoes. They are unlike the more explosive and highly destructive composite volcanoes. These include Mount St. Helens in Washington State, Vesuvius in Italy and Pinatubo in the Philippines.
How were Hawaii and Iceland formed?
The islands appear in this pattern for a specific reason: They were formed one after the other as a tectonic plate, the Pacific Plate, slid over a plume of magma—molten rock—puncturing Earth’s crust.
How do Icelandic volcano eruptions differ from Hawaiian eruptions?
While as earlier mentioned, our eruptions, with rare exceptions, tend to mostly flow, with sulfurous gases, Icelandic ones, perhaps because of the overlying glaciers, are much more explosive, tossing a lot more particulates into the air.
Why do the Hawaiian Islands form a chain of volcanoes?
Why do the Hawaiian Islands form a chain of volcanoes extending to the northwest How does the age of these volcanoes vary along the chain?
How does the age of these volcanoes vary along the chain? Due to the motion of Pacific Plate; age of these volcanoes increases linearly with distance away from Hawaii. (older as it extends toward northwest). -The Hawaiian Islands form a chain because each of them formed over the same volcanic hot spot.
Is Iceland an island arc?
HOW ICELAND WAS FORMED. Halfway between Greenland (a North American Island) and Northern Europe island and Sweden is an Island nation of an area spanning about 40,000 square miles. This nation is called Iceland. Iceland is the 2nd largest Island in Europe and the 18th largest Island in the world.
How were the Hawaiian volcanoes formed?
The Hawaiian Islands were formed by a volcanic hot spot, an upwelling plume of magma, that creates new islands as the Pacific Plate moves over it.
Where are volcanoes in Iceland?
The main active volcanoes in Iceland run along a curved central line roughly from northeast to southwest. From north to south, the volcanoes’ names are Krafla, Askja, Laki-Fogrufjoll, Grimsvotn, Hekla, Vatnajokull, and Katla, followed by Heimaey and Surtsey on the Westman Islands.
Do all Hawaiian Islands have volcanoes?
The eight main Hawaiian Islands are made up of 15 volcanoes, which are the youngest in a linear chain of more than 129 volcanoes (above and below sea level) that stretches for about 6,100 km (3,800 mi) across the north Pacific.
Is Hawaiian Islands cinder cone volcanoes?
Cinder cones at the summit of Mauna Kea. Mauna Kea is a dormant shield volcano on the north end of Hawaii Island.
What are the examples of composite volcano?
Some of the most conspicuous and beautiful mountains in the world are composite volcanoes, including Mount Fuji in Japan, Mount Cotopaxi in Ecuador, Mount Shasta in California, Mount Hood in Oregon, and Mount St. Helens and Mount Rainier in Washington.
How did Iceland’s volcanoes form?
Iceland formed by the coincidence of the spreading boundary of the North American and Eurasian plates and a hotspot or mantle plume – an upsurge of abnormally hot rock in the Earth´s mantle. As the plates moved apart, excessive eruptions of lava constructed volcanoes and filled rift valleys.
Which volcano type can experience a Hawaiian type eruption?
Shield volcanoes are the largest volcanoes on Earth that actually look like volcanoes (i.e. not counting flood basalt flows). The Hawaiian shield volcanoes are the most famous examples. Shield volcanoes are almost exclusively basalt, a type of lava that is very fluid when erupted.