What fault line caused the Christchurch Earthquake 2011?
the Greendale Fault
The fault, later named the Greendale Fault, appeared about 50 to 56 miles (80 to 90 km) southeast of the boundary between the Australian and Pacific tectonic plates, and part of the fault became visible at the surface because of the earthquake. Thousands of smaller aftershocks occurred in the months that followed.
What damage did the New Zealand earthquake cause?
Significant liquefaction affected the eastern suburbs, producing around 400,000 tonnes of silt. The earthquake was felt across the South Island and parts of the lower and central North Island….2011 Christchurch earthquake.
| Damaged Catholic cathedral two months on | |
|---|---|
| Peak acceleration | 1.51 g |
What type of fault was the Christchurch earthquake?
This raised part of the Port Hills and part of southern Christchurch. This type of fault motion is called reverse faulting.
What were the effects of the New Zealand earthquake 2011?
The Christchurch earthquake caused extensive damage to infrastructure and buildings. Multiple buildings collapsed, and the city was impacted by burst water mains, flooding, liquefaction and power outages. The port was damaged, and many roads cracked.
What caused the ground to shake so strongly in Kaikoura?
Lead author of the study in the publication Seismological Research Letters, seismologist Anna Kaiser of GNS Science, said the Waiau instrument happened to be directly over the rupture of the Humps Fault, which was one of the first of more than 20 faults to rupture during the earthquake.
What happened underground to cause the Kaikoura earthquake?
The initial rupture started on a fault near Culverden and then jumped from fault to fault as it moved at a speed of 2 km/s. The ruptures travelled 170 km along the South Island’s north-east coast. Seismic energy was released for nearly 2 minutes.
What were the environmental impacts of the Christchurch earthquake 2011?
The Canterbury earthquakes caused a significant change to the natural environment, including liquefaction, lateral spread near waterways, land level changes, and numerous rockfalls and landslides. Air and water quality were also impacted, with water-based recreational activities halted until November 2011.
What were the main faults affected in the Kaikoura earthquake?
The magnitude 7.8 Kaikoura earthquake in 2016 was a complex event, involving movement on at least seven faults – The Humps faults and the Hundalee, Hope, Jordan Thrust, Papatea, Kekerengu and Needles faults.
What type of plate boundary was the New Zealand 2011 earthquake?
A group of dextral strike-slip structures, known as the Marlborough Fault System, transfer displacement between the mainly transform and convergent type plate boundaries in a complex zone at the northern end of the South Island.
What fault caused the Kaikoura earthquake?
What triggered the Kaikoura earthquake?
2017 The 2016 Kaikoura earthquake revealed by kinematic source inversion and seismic wavefield simulations : slow rupture propagation on a geometrically complex crustal fault network. Geophysical Research Letters, 44(22): 11320-11328; doi: 10.1002/2017GL075301.
What tectonic plates caused the Kaikoura earthquake?
The complex earthquake rupture occurred along multiple faults within a triple junction area between the Pacific, Australia, and Tonga–Kermadec plates, located near Kaikoura.
How long were the faults in the Kaikoura earthquake?
The earthquake ruptured along a record 21 fault lines, some of which were previously unknown. GeoNet described the 180km long rupture as the earth “unzipping” itself. The Kaikōura quake was so powerful, parts of the South Island are now more than 5m closer to the North Island.
What fault line caused the Kaikōura earthquake?
What was the cause of the Kaikōura earthquake?
2017 The 2016 Kaikoura earthquake revealed by kinematic source inversion and seismic wavefield simulations : slow rupture propagation on a geometrically complex crustal fault network.
What causes an earthquake?
The tectonic plates are always slowly moving, but they get stuck at their edges due to friction. When the stress on the edge overcomes the friction, there is an earthquake that releases energy in waves that travel through the earth’s crust and cause the shaking that we feel.