What does the word zemstvo mean?
zemstvo. / (ˈzɛmstvəʊ, Russian ˈzjɛmstvə) / noun plural -stvos. (in tsarist Russia) an elective provincial or district council established in most provinces of Russia by Alexander II in 1864 as part of his reform policy.
What did the zemstvo want?
The goal of the zemstvo reform was the creation of local organs of self-government on an elected basis, possessing sufficient authority and independence to resolve local economic problems. Alexander II instituted these bodies, one for each district and another for each province or government, in 1864.
What was the zemstvo act?
In 1864, Tsar Alexander II issued the Statutes on Provincial and District Zemstvo Institutions as part of a larger effort to modernize Russia after its defeat in the Crimean War. This act established a new local government institution – the zemstvo – in 34 of the 50 provinces of European Russia.
What was the Russian zemstvo quizlet?
The Russian zemstvo was a new institution of local government that the government established in 1864. This local assembly’s members were elected by a three-class system of townspeople, peasant villagers, and noble landowners.
Who was in the zemstvo?
The zemstvo consisted of a mix of appointed and elected delegates. Separate electoral bodies existed for three classes of delegates, landowners, merchants and industrialists, and peasants.
What did the Russian intelligentsia want?
That the intelligentsia were aware of their social status and of their duties to society: Educating the youth with the nationalist objective to restore the Republic of Poland; preserving the Polish language; and love of the Fatherland.
What is the significance of Bloody Sunday in Russia?
Bloody Sunday, Russian Krovavoye Voskresenye, (January 9 [January 22, New Style], 1905), massacre in St. Petersburg, Russia, of peaceful demonstrators marking the beginning of the violent phase of the Russian Revolution of 1905.
Why was Tsar Nicholas II forced to abdicate the throne?
In March 1917, the army garrison at Petrograd joined striking workers in demanding socialist reforms, and Czar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate.
What did Stalin say about kulaks?
Stalin ordered severe measures to end kulak resistance. In 1930, he declared: “In order to oust the ‘kulaks’ as a class, the resistance of this class must be smashed in open battle and it must be deprived of the productive sources of its existence and development. …
What ethnicity were kulaks?
Russian
kulak, (Russian: “fist”), in Russian and Soviet history, a wealthy or prosperous peasant, generally characterized as one who owned a relatively large farm and several head of cattle and horses and who was financially capable of employing hired labour and leasing land.
What is an example of an intelligentsia?
The intelligentsia in a country or community are the most educated people there, especially those interested in the arts, philosophy, and politics. I was not high up enough in the intelligentsia to be invited to such exalted meetings.
Who are the intelligentsia in Russia?
…the 19th century, the word intelligentsia came into use in Russia. This word is not precisely definable, for it described both a social group and a state of mind. Essentially, the intelligentsia consisted of persons with a good modern education and a passionate preoccupation with general political and social ideas.…
What was Bloody Sunday Class 9 Brainly?
Answer. Answer: Blood Sunday is the name given to the events of Sunday, 22 January, 1905 in St. Petersburg, Russia, where unarmed demonstrators led by Father Georgy Gapon were fired upon by soldiers of the Imperial Guard as they marched towards the Winter Palace to present a petition to Tsar Nicholas II of Russia.
Who was Father Gapon Class 9?
Father Gapon was the leader of the procession of workers, who marched towards the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg. Events: When this procession of workers reached the Winter Palace, it was attacked by the police.
Did Stalin say Tsar Alexander made it to Paris?
Stalin replied, “Tsar Alexander made it all the way to Paris.” Yet Stalin arguably outdid the tsars. The Soviet empire expanded its sphere of influence to encompass huge swaths of Europe and Asia and transformed itself into one of the world’s two superpowers.