What are furans used for?
Furan is a volatile (boiling point = 31.4°C) cyclic ether found in cigarette smoke, and is used in the production of resins and lacquers, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals (Goldmann, Périsset, Scanlan, & Stadler, 2005).
Are furans carcinogenic?
Furan is listed in the Department of Health and Human Services list of carcinogens, and considered as possibly carcinogenic by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, based on studies in laboratory animals at high exposures.
What is furan formula?
C4H4OFuran / Formula
Furan is a monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing four carbons and one oxygen, with formula C4H4O.
What does furan do in a reaction?
Furan undergoes condensation with aldehydes and ketones to give secondary and tertiary alcohols, which further react with furan to form oligomers.
Are furans toxic?
It is assumed that cis-2-butene-1,4-dial, the reactive metabolite of furan, is the causative agent leading to toxicity and carcinogenicity. Based on this data, furan is classified as a possible human carcinogen.
What are furans in food?
Furan and the related compounds 2- and 3-methylfurans are chemical contaminants that naturally form during heated food processing, including cooking. These substances have always been present in cooked or heated foods.
Is furan toxic to humans?
Why are furans toxic?
It has been classified as a nongenotoxic carcinogen. Furan is thought to be activated to a reactive intermediate, cis-2-butene-1,4-dial that alkylates proteins leading to a toxic response. The resulting chronic toxicity stimulates cell replication, which increases the likelihood of tumor production.
Is furan an alcohol?
Furfuryl alcohol is an organic compound containing a furan substituted with a hydroxymethyl group. It is a colorless liquid, but aged samples appear amber….CHEBI:207496 – furfuryl alcohol.
| ChEBI Name | furfuryl alcohol |
|---|---|
| Definition | A furan bearing a hydroxymethyl substituent at the 2-position. |
Why is furan toxic?
How is furan made?
Production. In the laboratory, furan can be obtained from furfural by oxidation to 2-furoic acid, followed by decarboxylation. It can also be prepared directly by thermal decomposition of pentose-containing materials, and cellulosic solids, especially pine wood.
What is a furan in chemistry?
furan, any of a class of organic compounds of the heterocyclic aromatic series characterized by a ring structure composed of one oxygen atom and four carbon atoms. The simplest member of the furan family is furan itself, a colourless, volatile, and somewhat toxic liquid that boils at 31.36° C (88.45° F).
Why is furan poisonous?
Is furan in the body?
The major portion of furan chemical residues is found in liver followed by kidney and gastrointestinal tract (Bakhiya & Appel, 2010). The liver has a key role in cleaning-up furan from the bloodstream.
What is Polyfurfuryl alcohol?
Poly(furfuryl alcohol) (PFA) is a common thermosetting resin that is usually synthesized by the cationic condensation of its monomer furfuryl alcohol (FA). 1-8. As one of the most important furanic derivatives, the characteristics of FA were first reported over a century ago.
Is furfuryl alcohol cancerous?
US EPA concluded that furfuryl alcohol is “Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans”.
How is furan formed?
Various pathways have been reported for the formation of furan, that is, thermal degradation and/or thermal rearrangement of carbohydrates in the presence of amino acids, thermal degradation of certain amino acids, including aspartic acid, threonine, α-alanine, serine, and cysteine, oxidation of ascorbic acid at higher …
What is furfuryl alcohol used for?
Furfuryl Alcohol is a colorless or yellow liquid that turns red or brown in air. It has a mild Alcohol or Ether-like odor and is used as a flavoring and in making sealants and cements.
Is furfuryl alcohol safe in food?
Furfuryl alcohol is a food contaminant that can occur in a potentially significant number of thermally processed foods because it forms as a result of the Maillard reaction that gives many foods a characteristic brown color.
Is furfuryl alcohol safe?
* Breathing Furfuryl Alcohol can irritate the nose, throat and lungs causing coughing, wheezing and/or shortness of breath. * Higher exposure may affect the nervous system causing headache, dizziness, nausea and even passing out. Furfuryl Alcohol is a colorless or yellow liquid that turns red or brown in air.
What is furan 2 used for in fish?
API FURAN-2 treats a variety of bacterial infections in fish, such as bacterial gill disease, open red sores (Aeromonas spp.), body slime & eye cloud, black molly disease (Flavobacterium columnaris) and fin & tail rot. For use in fresh and saltwater aquariums.
What is furan in food?
Furan is a chemical contaminant that forms in some foods during traditional heat treatment techniques, such as cooking, jarring, and canning. FDA has developed a method for quantitative furan measurements, surveyed furan levels in food, and conducted toxicology studies of furan in rodents.
What does the FDA do to measure furan?
FDA has developed a method for quantitative furan measurements, surveyed furan levels in food, and conducted toxicology studies of furan in rodents. Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB): Determination of Furan in Alcoholic Beverages