What Culdocentesis means?
Culdocentesis is a procedure that checks for abnormal fluid in the space just behind the vagina. This area is called the cul-de-sac. During a culdocentesis a long thin needle is inserted through the vaginal wall just below the uterus and a sample is taken of the fluid within the abdominal cavity.
What causes Culdocentesis?
A ruptured endometrioma is the most likely the cause, but any cysts that contain old blood, including cyst of a chronic ectopic pregnancy, can contain chocolate-like fluid. Purulent fluid indicates infection.
Why is it called pouch of Douglas?
It is named after the Scottish anatomist James Douglas (1675–1742) 2.
What is the significance of non clotting blood on the Culdocentesis?
Nonclotting blood indicates active bleeding from a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. Clotting blood indicates blood from the vein or artery during an aspiration. The presence of pus indicates an infection, such as pelvic inflammatory disease.
What does fluid in pouch of Douglas mean?
A small amount of fluid in the cul-de-sac is normal. But if the sample shows signs of pus or blood, the area may need to be drained. Blood in the fluid could mean a cyst has ruptured or there is a tear. It could also be a sign of an ectopic pregnancy.
Why is there no clotting in Hemoperitoneum?
Peritoneal fluid does not clot spontaneously on collection, due to a lack of prothrombin activation, consequent upon a virtual absence of factors V and VIII.
Does Culdocentesis hurt?
Culdocentesis is usually perceived as quite painful. Some clinicians recommend injecting a small amount of local anesthetic into the mucosa at the puncture site (e.g., 1 to 2 mL of 1% lidocaine). Lidocaine gel can also be applied.
What is a positive Culdocentesis?
A positive culdocentesis is determined by the aspirated blood having a hematocrit of 0.15 or greater (15 % or greater). A non-diagnostic culdocentesis occurs when clotted blood is obtained, or no fluid is aspirated at all. If the needle inadvertently punctures an artery or vein, the blood will clot.[3]
What is Rectovesical pouch?
Medical Definition of rectovesical pouch : a sac between the rectum and the urinary bladder in males that is formed by a folding of the peritoneum — compare rectouterine pouch.
What does no fluid in the pouch of Douglas mean?
Fluid or blood in the Pouch of Douglas may be a feature of a tubal pregnancy that is aborting or that has ruptured. In the Pouch of Douglas, free fluid may emanate from a ruptured or leaking ectopic gestation and/or from a ruptured corpus luteum.
Can abortion cause fluid in pouch of Douglas?
Can you see endometriosis in a colonoscopy?
Colonoscopy and video laparoscopy were concordant in 103 out of 174 cases (59.1%). Colonoscopic findings suggestive of intestinal endometriosis were detected in 7 out of 174 (4%) examinations. Colonoscopy failed to diagnose intestinal endometriosis in 70 out of 76 women (92.1%).
Why does blood pool in the abdomen?
The peritoneal cavity is a small area of space located between your internal abdominal organs and your inner abdominal wall. Blood in this part of your body can appear because of physical trauma, a ruptured blood vessel or organ, or because of an ectopic pregnancy. Hemoperitoneum can be a medical emergency.
What does hemoperitoneum mean?
Hemoperitoneum, sometimes also called intra-abdominal hemorrhage or intraperitoneal hemorrhage, is a type of internal bleeding in which blood gathers in your peritoneal cavity.
What does fluid in the pouch of Douglas mean?
What is the cul-de-sac in the female body?
The Pouch of Douglas (cul-de-sac or rectovaginal septum) is the space between the rectum and the uterus. This is the lowest part of the abdominal cavity.
Do men have rectouterine pouch?
Between the rectum and the bladder the peritoneum forms, in the male, a pouch, the rectovesical pouch (rectovesical excavation), the bottom of which is slightly below the level of the upper ends of the vesiculæ seminales—i. e., about 7.5 cm. from the orifice of the anus.
What is cul-de-sac in uterus?
Anatomy. On either side of the uterus sit two small pouches. These are called the cul-de-sacs. The anterior cul-de-sac is the space between the bladder and the uterus. The posterior cul-de-sac is between the uterus and the rectum.
What is Culdocentesis?
Culdocentesis is the puncture and aspiration (withdrawal) of fluid from the pouch of Douglas or rectouterine pouch. Culdocentesis is the puncture and aspiration (withdrawal) of fluid from the pouch of Douglas or rectouterine pouch.
Is Culdocentesis used to diagnose ectopic pregnancy?
Culdocentesis used to be a valuable procedure for the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. However, due to the development and easy access to ultrasound (USG), culdocentesis is rarely performed.
What is the preparation for Culdocentesis?
Prior to culdocentesis, the patient is asked to stand or sit up straight for some time so the peritoneal fluid can pool in the pouch. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. Local anesthetic, usually lidocaine, is injected into the vaginal lining. A vaginal speculum is inserted into the vagina to widen it.
What is the etymology of last names?
The etymology of last names tells us that last names, family names, or surnames were not always a part of a person’s name. In fact, do you ever hear of Ancient Egyptians with last names?